London Tube strikes: What you need to know
London Underground drivers will walk out on Tuesday and Thursday after talks to avert industrial action failed.
Members of the Rail, Maritime and Transport (RMT) union previously voted to oppose the voluntary introduction of a four-day working week with condensed hours.
Roughly half of Tube drivers - including those with the Aslef union - will turn up to work having accepted the proposals, labelling them "exactly the sort of deal every trade union should be trying to achieve".
Industrial action on 19 and 21 May and 16 and 18 June was shelved following last-ditch talks.
When are the Tube strikes?
How much disruption is expected?
Transport for London (TfL) hopes to run at least half its trains with disruption on the following routes:
TfL says it expects to run services on these Tube lines:
Services will start late and finish early, TfL says, with no service before 06:30 BST or after 21:00. Some disruption is expected on the mornings of 3 and 5 June.
Buses, London Overground, Elizabeth line, DLR and tram services will continue to run but are expected to be much busier than usual.
Only drivers belonging to the RMT union are due to walk out - that is roughly half the total number of drivers on the network. Aslef's participation in last year's strike, alongside the RMT, halted almost all Underground services.
What is the strike about?
The RMT union has rejected an offer for drivers to voluntarily work a four-day week.
Under the proposals, most drivers would see their working week reduced from 36 hours to 35 hours. Their contractual hours would remain the same because paid meal breaks would be introduced.
This effectively means drivers would work longer days, but fewer days each week and fewer overall hours each week.
The arrangement is currently being trialled on the Bakerloo line on a voluntary basis to test its viability.
The RMT union said the working day would be too long under the plans, risking driver fatigue and compromising safety.
The union instead wants a 32-hour week over four days, meaning drivers would work three fewer hours each week for the same salary.
TfL said drivers could remain on a five-day week if they wanted to, pointing out that the change was voluntary.
A spokesperson for Aslef, the union representing a slightly higher share of Tube drivers, previously said they were "surprised that the RMT has decided to take this action".
Aslef has agreed to the voluntary compressed four-day week, saying it gives participating drivers an extra 35 days off a year "in return for some fairly minor changes to working conditions".
"It will be the first strike in the history of the trade union movement designed to stop people having a shorter working week and more time off," Aslef's spokesperson added.
An RMT spokesperson said: "We have a different perspective from Aslef."
Could the strikes be called off?
No - they will go ahead, as planned, after last-ditch talks failed.
Last week, the union said TfL had refused to "engage meaningfully" on members' concerns, such as fatigue and longer shifts.
In a statement on Monday, an RMT spokesperson said: "Despite our best efforts in [conciliation service] ACAS talks, TfL have failed to provide assurances on our members deeply held concerns around fatigue, reduced flexibility, shift lengths and the impact these proposals could have in a safety-critical role like tube driving.
"We remain available for meaningful talks, but strike action will now go ahead."
A TfL spokesperson said on Monday: "It is bitterly disappointing that despite five hours of meetings with the RMT at ACAS and repeated assurances that the four-day working week proposals will remain voluntary, RMT has chosen to continue with its disruptive strike action.
"We will do all we can to provide as much service as possible during this action."
London Underground drivers also went on strike in September in a dispute over pay and conditions.
The industrial action caused severe disruption across the capital's transport network, with many Londoners getting around by e-bike instead.
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